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Cambridge IGCSE Physics · 0625

Chapter 2: Thermal physics — Part 9

Topic 2.3.4 · Consequences of thermal energy transfer

Everyday applications

Apply conduction, convection and radiation to simple situations such as:

  • Heating objects such as kitchen pans — a metal pan conducts from the hob into the food; a plastic handle insulates.
  • Heating a room by convection — warm air rises from a heater and circulates.
Kitchen pan: metal base conduction, convection in the food/liquid, some radiation from the flame or hob.
Diagram 1: Kitchen pan: metal base conduction, convection in the food/liquid, some radiation from the flame or hob.

Where more than one process matters

Some situations need more than one transfer named:

  • A wood or coal fire — radiation to the room, convection of hot gases, conduction into the grate.
  • A car radiator — conduction through the metal, convection of water (and of air over the fins), plus radiation from the hot surface.

Name the processes that are significant, not every process that exists in physics.

Room heater: convection loop in the air, plus radiation from the hot surface; a wood or coal fire and a car radiator as examples where more than one transfer is significant.
Diagram 2: Room heater: convection loop in the air, plus radiation from the hot surface; a wood or coal fire and a car radiator as examples where more than one transfer is significant.

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